C++ programming language part: 19 Arrays
Arrays
One-dimensional Arrays
An array is a collection of elements. The general form
used to declare a single-dimensional array is Variable name [size]; like other variable an array must be
defined. so that the compiler can allocate memory for the array. String is a
one-dimensional array. Always a character array terminated by a NULL character. A NULL character is
represent as \0. Suppose char
a1[5]={'N','O','V','A','\0'};
Program 19_1
//example of array
(arraydemo.c)
#include
#include
void main()
{
clrscr();
char
a1[5]={'N','O','V','A','\0'}; //char a1[]={'N','O','V','A','\0'};
char
a2[5]="NOVA";
//char a2[]="NOVA";
char
a3[5];
a3[3]='A';
a3[0]='N';
a3[1]='O';
a3[2]='V';
a3[4]='\0';
cout<<"a1=
"<
cout<<"a2=
"<
cout<<"a3=
"<
getch();
}
Program 19_2
//example
of array (arraydemo.c)
#include
#include
void
main()
{
clrscr(); // To clean the screen
char
a1[5]={'N','O','V','A','\0'}; //char a1[]={'N','O','V','A','\0'};
char
a2[5]="NOVA";
//char a2[]="NOVA";
char
a3[5];
a3[3]='A';
a3[0]='N';
a3[1]='O';
a3[2]='V';
a3[4]='\0';
char
a4[5];
int
i;
cout<<"type
a word and press Enter ";
for(i=0;i<4 i="" o:p="">4>
{
cin>>a4[i]; //i is called the array subscript
}
cout<<"a1=
"<
cout<<"a2=
"<
cout<<"a3=
"<
cout<<"a4=
"<
getch();
}
Look! char a1 is declared
before the function main()
Program 19_3
//example
of array (arraydemo.c)
#include
#include
char
a1[25]={"The Nova System"};
void
main()
{
clrscr();
// \n for endl & \t for make a tab space
cout<<"The programming division of
nova computers is "<<"\n\t\t"<
getch();
}
Integer
Array
Program 19_4
//example
of array (arraydemo.c)
#include
#include
void
main()
{
clrscr();
// To clean the screen
int a1[10];//array of size 10 defined
int b,c;
cout<<"type the
numbers"<<"\n";
for(b=0;b<10 b="" o:p="">10>
{
cin>>a1[b];
// array subscript
}
cout<<"
the stored numbers are
"<<"\n";
for(c=0;c<10 c="" o:p="">10>
{
cout<
}
}
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āĻ°াāĻāĻļাāĻšী * āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻāĻŽ āĻŦুāĻāĻ¸্ ā§Ļā§§ā§Žā§§ā§Ž-ā§ā§ā§Ģā§¯ā§Šā§§ * āĻ¸āĻŦুāĻ āĻ˛াāĻāĻŦ্āĻ°েāĻ°ী-ā§Ļā§§ā§ā§¨ā§Ŧ-ā§Ŧā§Ēā§¨ā§Žā§¨ā§Ž * āĻŦāĻāĻāĻ°-ā§Ļā§§ā§¯ā§¨ā§ā§Ģā§Šā§¨ā§ā§Šā§Ļ* āĻŦুāĻāĻ¸্ āĻ্āĻ¯াāĻ˛ি-ā§Ļā§§ā§ā§§ā§§-ā§Šā§Ļā§§ā§¯ā§§ā§Š * āĻŦুāĻ āĻšাāĻāĻ¸-ā§Ļā§§ā§ā§§ā§§-ā§Ģā§ā§Ēā§Ēā§ā§Ŧ * āĻŦুāĻ āĻ¸েāĻ¨্āĻাāĻ°-ā§Ļā§§ā§¯ā§§ā§¨-ā§Ēā§Ģā§¯ā§ā§Ļā§Ļ * āĻāĻļিāĻāĻ˛াāĻāĻŦ্āĻ°েāĻ°ী-ā§Ļā§§ā§¯ā§¨ā§Ļ-ā§§ā§Žā§Ģā§Ŧā§Ļā§Ŧ
āĻুāĻˇ্āĻিā§া * āĻŦāĻāĻŽেāĻ˛া, āĻāĻ¨, āĻāĻ¸, āĻ°োāĻĄ
āĻুā§াāĻĄাāĻ্āĻা * āĻŦāĻ āĻ¨িāĻেāĻ¤āĻ¨-ā§Ļā§§ā§ā§§ā§Ž-ā§Žā§Ļā§§ā§Ģā§Ļā§Š * āĻĒুāĻĨিāĻāĻ° āĻ˛াāĻāĻŦ্āĻ°েāĻ°ী, āĻŦā§ āĻŦাāĻাāĻ°
āĻ¯āĻļোāĻ° * āĻāĻ¨āĻ¤া āĻ˛াāĻāĻŦ্āĻ°েāĻ°ী, āĻĻā§াāĻাāĻ¨া * āĻ°ā§েāĻ˛ āĻŦুāĻ āĻĄিāĻĒো-ā§Ļā§§ā§ā§ā§¯-ā§Žā§Žā§¨ā§Ļā§Žā§§
āĻ¯āĻļোāĻ° * āĻāĻ¨āĻ¤া āĻ˛াāĻāĻŦ্āĻ°েāĻ°ী, āĻĻā§াāĻাāĻ¨া * āĻ°ā§েāĻ˛ āĻŦুāĻ āĻĄিāĻĒো-ā§Ļā§§ā§ā§ā§¯-ā§Žā§Žā§¨ā§Ļā§Žā§§
āĻিāĻ¨াāĻāĻĻāĻš : * āĻŦুāĻ āĻ¸েāĻ¨্āĻাāĻ° -ā§Ļā§§ā§ā§§ā§Ŧ-ā§Ļā§Šā§Ŧā§§ā§Ēā§Ŧ * āĻĒুāĻ¸্āĻ¤āĻ āĻāĻ° -ā§Ļā§§ā§ā§§ā§Ž-ā§¨ā§Ēā§Ŧā§¨ā§ā§ * āĻĒুāĻĨিāĻāĻ° ā§Ļā§§ā§¯ā§¨ā§ā§¯ā§¯ā§Ļā§¨ā§Žā§Ž
āĻŦāĻ°িāĻļাāĻ˛ * āĻŦুāĻāĻিāĻ˛া *āĻāĻ°িā§েāĻ¨্āĻাāĻ˛ āĻŦুāĻ āĻĄিāĻĒো
āĻুāĻŽিāĻ˛্āĻ˛া *āĻāĻāĻĄিā§াāĻ˛ āĻ˛াāĻāĻŦ্āĻ°েāĻ°্-ীā§Ļā§§ā§¯ā§¨ā§¨-ā§ā§Ŧā§§ā§¨ā§ā§Š
āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻ¨āĻ¸িং *āĻāĻŦিāĻ° āĻ˛াāĻāĻŦ্āĻ°েāĻ°ী-ā§Ļā§§ā§ā§§ā§§-ā§Ŧā§Ēā§Ļā§Šā§Žā§Ž *āĻāĻšāĻŽ্āĻŽেāĻĻ āĻŦ্āĻ°াāĻĻাāĻ°্āĻ¸-ā§Ļā§§ā§ā§§ā§Ē-ā§¨ā§Ēā§§ā§Ēā§¨ā§§*āĻ¸ংāĻāĻ˛āĻ¨-ā§Ļā§§ā§Žā§Šā§-ā§Ļā§Ŧā§Šā§§ā§¯ā§§
āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻ
āĻ§িāĻাংāĻļ āĻĒোāĻˇ্āĻ āĻ-āĻ¸েāĻ¨্āĻাāĻ°
āĻāĻ˛āĻাāĻ¤াā§ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻ/āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻĒ্āĻ¤িāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ āĻ°িāĻ¤াāĻāĻ¨্āĻĄ āĻিā§ āĻāĻ¨্āĻাāĻ°āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻļāĻ¨াāĻ˛ ā§Šā§Ŧ, āĻĒি.āĻāĻ¨. āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻ¨াāĻ°্āĻি āĻ°োāĻĄ, āĻāĻ˛āĻাāĻ¤া āĻĢোāĻ¨ঃ+ā§¯ā§§ ā§ā§Ļā§Ļā§Šā§ā§ā§Šā§Ēā§Ŧā§¨, ā§¯ā§Žā§Šā§Ŧā§Ļā§Ēā§Ŧā§Ļā§Ŧā§ ā§¯ā§Žā§Šā§Ļā§Ēā§Šā§¯ā§Ŧā§ā§¯
āĻāĻ¸াāĻŽ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻ/āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻĒ্āĻ¤িāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ āĻ¤ুāĻˇাāĻ° āĻĒাāĻŦāĻ˛িāĻļিং āĻšাāĻāĻ¸ āĻ¸ীāĻ¤াāĻ°াāĻŽ āĻ°োāĻĄ, āĻৌāĻিāĻĄিāĻ্āĻি āĻĻ্āĻ°ীāĻŦ্āĻ°ুāĻā§, āĻāĻ¸াāĻŽ, āĻাāĻ°āĻ¤āĻĢোāĻ¨ঃ +ā§¯ā§§ ā§¯ā§Ēā§Šā§Ģā§Ēā§ā§Šā§Žā§ā§Ģ
āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻ¨িāĻ§ি āĻ
āĻŽāĻ˛ āĻĒাāĻāĻ - ā§Ļā§§ā§ā§§ā§¯-ā§Žā§Ēā§Šā§ā§¨ā§Ģ (āĻāĻ্āĻ°āĻ্āĻ°াāĻŽ+āĻুāĻ˛āĻ¨া) āĻšাāĻ°ুāĻ¨ - ā§Ļā§§ā§ā§§ā§Ļ-ā§Ŧā§§ā§Ģā§Ļā§§ā§¯ (āĻুāĻ˛āĻ¨া+āĻŦāĻুā§া)āĻাāĻāĻ¸াāĻ° - ā§Ļā§§ā§ā§§ā§§-ā§§ā§§ā§Ēā§¨ā§¯ā§¨ (āĻ¸িāĻ˛েāĻ+āĻ°াāĻāĻļাāĻšী) āĻাāĻļেāĻŽ āĻāĻ˛ী- ā§Ļā§§ā§¯ā§Ēā§§ā§Ēā§¯ā§Ēā§Ļā§Ŧā§Š
āĻ্āĻাāĻ¨āĻোāĻˇ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļāĻ¨ী ā§Šā§Ž/ā§¨-āĻ, āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻŦাāĻাāĻ° (ā§¨ā§ āĻ¤āĻ˛া), āĻĸাāĻা।
āĻ্āĻাāĻ¨āĻোāĻˇ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļāĻ¨ী ā§Šā§Ž/ā§¨-āĻ, āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻŦাāĻাāĻ° (ā§¨ā§ āĻ¤āĻ˛া), āĻĸাāĻা।
(āĻ¸াāĻ°া āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļ) āĻāĻ°ে āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻুāĻ°িā§াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ§্āĻ¯āĻŽে āĻŦāĻ āĻĒেāĻ¤ে āĻ¯োāĻাāĻ¯োāĻ āĻāĻ°ুāĻ¨ āĻŽাāĻ¨িāĻāĻ˛াāĻāĻŦ্āĻ°েāĻ°ী-ā§Ļā§§ā§ā§Šā§Ģ-ā§ā§Ēā§¨ā§¯ā§Ļā§Ž āĻ°āĻāĻŽাāĻ°ি: ā§§ā§Ŧā§¨ā§¯ā§, ā§Ļā§§ā§Ģā§§ā§¯ā§Ģā§¨ā§§ā§¯ā§ā§§ āĻšāĻ āĻ˛াāĻāĻŦ্āĻ°েāĻ°ী- ā§Ļā§§ā§Žā§¨ā§Ļ-ā§§ā§Ģā§ā§§ā§Žā§§ āĻাāĻļেāĻŽāĻāĻ˛ী- ā§Ļā§§ā§¯ā§Ēā§§ā§Ēā§¯ā§Ēā§Ļā§Ŧā§Š (āĻ¸াāĻ°া āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļ)
āĻ্āĻাāĻ¨āĻোāĻˇ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļāĻ¨ী
ā§Šā§Ž/ā§¨-āĻ, āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻŦাāĻাāĻ° (ā§¨ā§ āĻ¤āĻ˛া), āĻĸাāĻা।
āĻĢোāĻ¨ঃ ā§ā§§ā§§ā§Žā§Ēā§Ēā§Š, ā§Žā§§ā§§ā§¨ā§Ēā§Ēā§§, ā§Žā§Ŧā§¨ā§Šā§¨ā§Ģā§§.
āĻāĻ˛āĻাāĻ¤াā§ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻ/āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻĒ্āĻ¤িāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨
āĻ°িāĻ¤া āĻāĻ¨্āĻাāĻ°āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻļāĻ¨াāĻ˛
ā§Šā§Ŧ, āĻĒি.āĻāĻ¨. āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻ¨াāĻ°্āĻি āĻ°োāĻĄ, āĻāĻ˛āĻাāĻ¤া
āĻĢোāĻ¨ঃ ā§¨ā§Ģā§§ā§Šā§Žā§Šā§Ģā§¯, ā§¯ā§Žā§Šā§Ļā§Ēā§Šā§¯ā§Ŧā§ā§¯, +ā§¯ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§Šā§Ļā§Ēā§Šā§¯ā§Ŧā§ā§¯